Bacterial biofilms and disease PowerPoint Presentation

Bacterial biofilms and ailment - PowerPoint Presentation Example Distinctive bacterial species explicitly append to various surfaces and could total with different species or a blend of animal groups. The association and structure of biofilms are intricate. Channels are available for the flow of supplements. The various locales show distinctive articulation of qualities, highlighting utilitarian heterogeneity. Sessile or connected biofilm networks can offer ascent to nonsessile microorganisms that can quickly duplicate and scatter. Along these lines, bacterial biofilms are not effortlessly destroyed by customary anti-toxin treatment, which can prompt incessant bacterial diseases. Some biofilms have advantageous impacts, for example the anticipation of colonization of tissues by exogenous pathogens (colonization opposition). Biofilms forestall pathogen colonization is because of the creation of acids, hydrogen peroxide, biosurfactants. At times, the vanishing of defensive biofilm demonstrates the nearness exogenous pathogens. Dental plaque, found on teeth surface additionally ensures by a similar component. The multiplication of biofilms in specific cases can result in biofilm that can cause clinical ailments, for example, caries, gum disease, and periodontitis. Beside oral contaminations, utilization of implantable clinical gadgets and weakness in the individual’s have safeguard instrument results in biofilm infections. Intense diseases can be dealt with adequately with anti-toxins aside from those that are brought about by anti-toxin safe strains. Nonetheless, numerous irresistible illnesses are brought about by bacterial species by microscopic organisms that are regular in nature or are living in the human bodies. Be that as it may, the greater part of the irresistible ailments that influence gently undermined people include bacterial species that are commensal with the human body or are normal in our surroundings. Surfaces of clinical gadgets that are utilized in diagnosing or rewarding bacterial contaminations can hold the nearness of sludge encased microscopic organisms (Table 1 and Figure 2). Ceaseless bacterial diseases that are

Discussion 4- social interaction Essays - Robert K. Merton

Conversation 4-social collaboration In inquiring about the courses of World occasions and how they've happened in Man's aggregate history, we can watch a plenty of what Robert K. Merton has begat as inevitable outcome. If an individual or gathering engages a particular point of view on a given subject, they will take into account, and sustain that previously established inclination to fulfillment. W. I. Thomas' hypothesis clarifies this procedure, and I can think about an extensive rundown of unavoidable outcomes that were purposefully misused as a way to a particular end. Call something as characteristically hazardous to man, sufficiently uproarious and long enough, and it gets truthful. Spreading efforts pursued against in any case harmless things to serve its partner or adversary, have been a severe piece of society since the beginning of Man. Absinthe, cannabis, and constant masturbation, all piece of an extensive rundown of boycotted things. All results of what I call supported predisposition acknowledgment (spreading efforts) and what Merton calls unavoidable outcome. At the point when a gathering or society considers an issue a problemit turns out to be such. A valid example: The Transgender Bathrooms Conundrum Five years back, America, I expect, had generally the same number of transgender people as the present, yet it was not the social issue it has become today. I imagine that the advancement of the unscripted TV drama Staying aware of the Kardashians, and in this manner Bruce Jenner's transgender change urged Americans to pose inquiries that our aggregate heart as a general public presently can't seem to reply. All things being equal, I'd need to state that I concur with W. I. Thomas' perceptions as a theorybut it likewise exists as a real piece of Man's penchant for inclination realizationintentional or accidental; regardless of whether I concur with those realities is unimportant.

Lessons Learned in the First 12 Months of Being a Startup CEO

Lessons Learned in the First 12 Months of Being a Startup CEO “It’s fine to celebrate success but it is more important to heed the lessons of failure.” â€" Bill Gates © Shutterstock.com | lenetstanIn this article, we will look at 1) personal lessons, 2) product and marketing lessons, 3) operational lessons, and 4) hiring lessons.PERSONAL LESSONS LEARNED WHEN BEING A STARTUP CEOMike Evans, co-founder of the internet-based food ordering website Grubhub.com highlights his main misconceptions as a first-time entrepreneur. One of which is:1. Your Time Is Not Free.At the beginning of any new venture, the entrepreneur usually spends a lot of time doing most of the work herself. This often means product development and design, market analysis, selling, marketing and all the financials. Whatever needs to be done is done and this translates into long work hours. All this is done for no cost at all. More than money, the cost here is opportunity. When there is an attempt to complete everything with little or no prioritization, then there is the ever present danger of letting important, value-adding tasks slip through the cracks. Evans suggests looking at you r time a bit differently.“Because it is so hard to get a comprehensive prioritization of tasks in a startup company, I usually ask a few short cut questions. If my time cost me $500 per hour, would I be doing this task? Can I get that hour back in profit?”, says Evans.These questions can help a startup CEO spend her time where it matters most.Martina Iring, a small business marketing consultant also shares her top lessons from her first year as an entrepreneur. She says:   2. Be Prepared for Ups and Downs.Many first-time CEOS who are entrepreneurs look forward to the freedom that comes with being their own boss. This is not as easy a situation as it appears to be. There are many days full of downs when it is hard to stay motivated and where it becomes difficult to live with instability and insecurity. The fun and excitement of entrepreneurship takes a backseat and there can be a sense of being overwhelmed. This feeling is part of the package, however. Iring remains positive,“T here will be ups and downs in all things in life. It doesn’t mean you should give up or that you made the wrong decision. You probably just need  a little extra TLC. The upswing is right around the corner.”3. It Will Take Longer Than You Plan For.Another common mistake made by entrepreneurs is the assumption that once the business is set up, things will move quickly and the company will be ready to go. Often, the time assumption is downright naïve because setting up a business requires a lot of work, and a lot of unforeseen issues and problems can crop up unexpectedly. Something new always needs to be addressed and handled. There is no timeframe that can be applied generically, but every entrepreneur needs to make a realistic time estimation based on their industry and its peculiarities.4. Be Prepared to Spend More Money.As with the incorrect assumption of time, there is a tendency to overestimate when the cash will start flowing in. Even if the business is up and running and p roduct sales start picking up steam, there are expenses that will crop up and need to be managed. Most often however, it takes time for the product to become known and for sales to grow. Therefore, it is important for the entrepreneur to have contingency plans in place to manage finances in difficult times.5. It Will Require More Smarts Than You Anticipate.A new CEO is required to perform many different roles and wear as many different hats. There will be a need to think on your feet, learn on the go and acquire new skills every day. All sorts of new abilities will be picked up and more boundaries will be pushed than were ever thought possible. This learning process needs to be anticipated and embraced right off so all the necessary information is absorbed and used effectively.Another entrepreneur, Larry Kim, is the CTO and founder of WordStream. He shares his five reality checks as a founder. 6. You Are Not Really Your Own Boss.Kim says that if you take on investors, you will not r eally be as in control of your company as you want to be. Without investors, your customers are your ultimate boss. These customers may be a whole lot more demanding than a traditional boss ever can be. Ultimately, there may end up being less freedom and a lot more responsibility in a startup business as compared to traditional employment.7. You May Not Get to Do More of What You Are Good At.An entrepreneur may get into a business because of her passion and interest. But with the launch of the business, there is an influx of other activities that need to be done and there may be a need to find other people to do tasks better than she can. The most enjoyed hobby can become tedious when it becomes full-time work and a livelihood. Eventually, the entrepreneur needs to make herself redundant by building a strong team and helping them grow and develop.8. You Always Have Something to Lose.When an entrepreneur sets out to create a business, there is always the threat of failure, as somethi ng like 80 percent of all businesses fail in the first year. To reach success, the business has to make a splash and become known. This means that a possible failure will also be immensely public and can often bruise the entrepreneur’s pride. To avoid this feeling of shattered ego, it is important to stay as positive as possible and ignore those who are discouraging and looking for you to fail.9. Turning the Dream to Reality Is Indescribable.One positive lesson cited by Larry Kim is the feeling of watching your dream become a reality. He says,“I greatly underestimated just how awesome it really is to show up at work and watch your company grow over time, and to watch the dream become a reality.”The overwhelming experiences of a first office, the first team celebration for an achievement, an industry award or happy customers are difficult to anticipate.PRODUCT AND MARKETING LESSONS LEARNED WHEN BEING A STARTUP CEOMike Evans also has lessons for the product and marketing aspects of a startup. Some of these are:1. All Ideas Do Not Need to Be Kept Secret.Often, entrepreneurs are excessively paranoid about a new, seemingly unique idea being stolen by competitors while it is being developed. This paranoid mindset can continue well into a mature growth stage. However, if the concept is sound and the management team competent, it is better to focus on achieving success through competitive differentiation than a lot of secrecy. A product idea is only made better when it is closely scrutinized and studied, especially by those that make up the target market. So at the design stage, it is necessary to have the product go through a period of trial and error which cannot be done when secrecy is the foremost concern.2. Not everything is about Speed.With a new idea, entrepreneurs are often tempted to run with it to ensure that their customer base is secured before everyone else. This problem crops up every time a new opportunity is explored. The idea behind the urgency is that once the customer is in hand, they will be kept in hand. However, this is not always the case. True customer loyalty, the kind that is long-term, comes from the quality being offered rather than how fast a product was offered. It is the best that wins, not the first. So take the time to develop the right product tailored to directly serve a customer need, and you will be in a better position for long-term and sustainable success.Entrepreneur Nathan Beckord shares his experience as a first-time startup CEO. 3. Identifying Customer Needs Is Just the Beginning.Though the process of identifying customer needs and creating things that people want is imperative to a successful product, this element is just one part of the entire picture. The other big chunk is to eliminate the many possible barriers to adoption that may exist. As the product goes through the trial and error process as well as different iterations, these barriers are better identified and addressed, helping to crea te a product with the potential for long-term and sustainable success. This is not a one-time activity, but an ongoing process.4. No One Will Care in the Beginning.Beckord believes that an entire generation of entrepreneurs has the mistaken belief that a great product will market itself. This is not true in most cases, and is definitely not the norm. Even the best startups need to make the effort to create an interest and noise in the market to get the right attention. There may be an initial spike of interest, but this is often short lived and needs sustained effort to continue.5. Everyone Needs Early Evangelists.Brian Chesky of AirBnB says, “It is better to build something that 100 people love than 1 million kind of like.” This is why all startups benefit greatly from spending time and effort to create an initial group of super users or champions. These early adopters tend to be passionate about the product or service and are more likely to tell others and give necessary and v ital feedback on the product’s performance. An additional benefit is that their enthusiasm can act as a motivator for an entrepreneur who has been facing issues and negativity from other channels.6. Not Everyone Will Like What You Are Offering.There is every possibility that some people will never like what you are selling. These can often be those people that you really want on board but just will not see eye to eye. This rejection can take some time to accept. The need to win these people over can consume an entrepreneur and turn into an obsession. According to Beckord,“Ive now come to realize that although persistence is indeed a critical trait for entrepreneurs, at some point it’s time to recognize when a deals not going to happen. In short, don’t let ‘Deal OCD’ become a detriment to your overall business.”7. Sell More Than the Product; Sell What Users Can Do with It.A philosophy espoused by Steve Jobs is that it is important to highlight the benefits that can be p rovided by the product rather than the features that it has. People may not be able to relate to a list of features, and may not be able to recognize how these apply to their lives. But with benefits, everything offered can become relatable when pitched to the right segment of the market.8. Building Products Is Fun.Product development can be an extremely exciting and rewarding area, much more so than is often expected by those entrepreneurs who don’t usually work on the product exclusively. The entire process from the idea, prototype, feedback, design, build, launch, feedback to the final iteration is extremely rewarding and very gratifying. OPERATIONAL LESSONS LEARNED WHEN BEING A STARTUP CEO1. You Always Have Competition.Evans believes that it is a difficult practical task to identify individual companies that are in competition with your business. Direct competitors often seem less threatening because the customer base appears to be big enough for everyone to be able to functio n successfully. This is a narrow view of the competitive arena and can land the company into trouble. Instead, a more realistic competitor analysis will look at all companies and products in competition for the customer’s money.2. You Are Not Smarter Than Others.Often, an entrepreneur may have the mistaken notion that she is better than all the others out in the market. The customer however, will not automatically rank one company over the other based on assumed smartness. Instead, it is vision, organization, patience, passion, discipline and humility that are drivers of success.3. Online Knowledge Can Be Invaluable.It is never a good idea to assume that you have all the knowledge needed to become successful. Constant research and knowledge gathering can be an invaluable asset for the company and the CEO. The first source of this information can be the internet, where there is a variety of diverse resources available, both free and for a fee. A busy day and a crammed schedule can make this seem like a useless activity, but it is extremely important to fit this into the plan.4. Use Professional Help Where Possible.A small business startup is often cash strapped and the startup team or entrepreneur is usually trying to handle all aspects of the business themselves. This do-it-yourself attitude can also come at a price. In the long run, the additional costs of hiring an accountant or a marketing professional will be balanced by the time, effort and energy you save to be diverted into other key tasks. HIRING LESSONS LEARNED WHEN BEING A STARTUP CEOJenn Steele is the Head of Growth at RecruitLoop, an online recruitment marketplace. She shares her insight into hiring lessons for startups. 1. Co-Founders Often Disagree on Who and What Is Needed.The only way to achieve unanimous decisions is to operate in a situation where there is one founder. Any more than one and there is bound to be a difference of opinion. This is to be expected and the entrepreneurs should be prepared to take the time to work out differences and reach an agreement.2. The Perfect Person Is a Myth.Since there is no perfect employee that will fulfill all criteria set by all those who are involved in hiring, it is necessary to be prepared to compromise on some aspects. Requirements can be broken down into good-to-haves and must-haves. Priorities may also shift once interviews begin and actual people are across the table.3. The Right Person Will Work for What You Can Pay.If you find a person that you really want to work for you, it is worthwhile to spend some time negotiating with them and hoping that they are also flexible. This can help reach an agreeable set of terms where both parties are satisfied and eager to work together. But it is also important to know when to let the candidate walk if their expected salary is just not making business sense.4. You May Not Need Management at the Beginning.Depending on the nature of the business, the first hires may be developers rath er than managers, or support staff rather than specialists. Middle managers and people focused solely on their own careers have no place in a startup environment. High-level strategists that can get stuff done or people who are great at contributing individually are actually needed most.5. Nothing Is Forever.Though you may think you have hired just the right people, you may have to rethink your decisions at a later stage. Perhaps the most qualified candidate is unable to fit into the culture you want to foster. The first people you hire may need to be let go as early as the first month or two. Despite this uncertainty, you can work with the right person for as long as possible to build the company.

Creative writing

What is creative writing? One of most known forms of creative writing is novel, however it is not the only one. Creative writing also includes plays, short stories, comic books etc. The main characteristic of creative writing is that it has to be actually a writing which contains some imaginary elements. The author doesnt necessarily have to write about some unreal, supernatural, made up experiences but can definitely describe an event that has never happened. Creative writing is specific because even when you write about real event, as soon as you change some details or add something it becomes creative. There are few things that will help you to complete a successful creative writing. Before you will start your writing process, try to find the most comfortable place for this. You should be able to relax and to use all the creativity you have. Try to write your essay when you are active and full of ideas. Dont try to write if you feel that you have no ideas and desire to do this. The process of writing a creative story includes few stages. A person who will go through this stage will be able to write a successful story for sure. First thing that you should do while in writing process, is to find an interesting topic and inspiration. In order to find an interesting and exciting topic for your writing, try to think of something that you are interested in. Sometimes you may get your inspiration from some things that you have never though about, like religion, family, art, etc. In order to inspire yourself for creative writing try to use such techniques as brainstorming, questioning yourself, thinking about some meaningful events in your life. All this will help you to come up with few interesting ideas for your writing. After finding an interesting topic for creative writing think about it. Try to think about the subject and theme of the writing. You should identify for yourself what you want to write about. You can make short notes in form of an outline; this will help you to remember everything you wanted to mention in your creative writing. Next step in preparing creative writing is analyzing your audience and defining the purpose of the writing. While analyzing the audience, you should assume what type of readers will be interested in the writing. Also define for yourself what effect your creative writing should have on the readers . Do you want to entertain them, or to make them think about your subject? Having identified some basic concepts of your creative writing think about the style that you would like to use. Determine the form of creative writing you will use. Remember that the style and the language that you will use for your writing should be clear for your audience. After you complete the first draft of your creative writing try to revise it. It will be better if you will revise it few days later, because during this time you will get some new ideas that will help to improve the writing. While revising your paper, try to eliminate some unnecessary words. Keep your paper focused and make sure that it is really creative. Finally, dont try to restrain yourself. Unlike the formal essays creative writing is the piece of creativity; the part of yourself. Use the flight of your thought and let your imagination create. Good luck!

National Public Health Performance Standards Program

In 1994 the Core Public Health Functions Steering Committee at the Center for Disease Control (CDC) released a list of 10 Essential Public Health Services (â€Å"The Public Health System,† 2014). This was an essential step towards making established public health organizations accountable and giving new programs a framework on which to develop from. This list outlines the foundation for the National Public Health Performance Standards Program. The ten essential public health services provide a way to assess the impact of these programs. This paper will explore and analyze case studies and the essential public health services they represent. Case One surrounds the issue of water fluoridation. The process of water samples being submitted for testing each month was described, along with which public health sectors the results are reported to. Krisberg states that the parameters for water fluoridation levels were first established in 1962. She also reports that the level of fluoride established at that time was 1.2 milligrams per liter. In 2015 this level was reduced to 0.7 milligrams per liter (Krisberg, 2015). Many of the ten essential public health services can be seen in the details of the first case study. The instance described in case one correlates most closely to the sixth essential public health service to â€Å"enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety† (American Public Health Association, n.d.). This case study was a prime example of how the publicShow MoreRelatedImproving Health Care Standards Of The United States957 Words   |  4 Pagesaccreditation programs will never eliminate all the disputes within medical facilities and services being accredited; it is vital that steps are taken to ominously improve quality and in doing so will reduce risk. Pursuing accreditation unveils a pledge to the improvement of quality in health care. Numerous certifying figures exist in the United States with each having their own particular zone of application. The Joint Commission is a health care agency known for its superior patient care standards. It cultivate sRead MoreA Major Reason For Performance Improvement Program Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesA major reason for performance improvement project failures is the misinterpretation of an ongoing performance program. Prioritizing performance efforts would help an organization achieve early quality improvement goals and maintain adequate momentum for future QI initiatives. An organization should follow six step approach model for implementing and monitoring a quality improvement program. First step of a six step quality improvement program model should line up improvement initiatives with theRead MoreWhat Are Affordable Accountable Care Organizations?1337 Words   |  5 PagesACO is a group of health care providers (including primary care physicians, specialists, and medical facilities) that work in partnership and are collectively accountable for the cost and quality of health care they deliver to a specific population of patients. At the heart of each patients care is a primary care p hysician. The term ACO was originally coined in a Medicare provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Characteristics that differentiate ACOs from pre-ACA health care models are sharedRead MoreNational Committee On Quality Assurance1263 Words   |  6 PagesIV. NCQA The National Committee on Quality Assurance set the â€Å"gold† standard on health plans and their quality ratings. There was no other regulatory agency to oversee the health plan upon its initiation. Now we have other organizations; however NCQA provides the most stringent, ridged regulatory guidelines of the managed care organizations. In order for a health plan to do business with CMS, or state agencies, and to the public; they must show they meet NCQA guidelines. Health insurance hasRead MoreEffect of Nutrition on Academic Performance895 Words   |  4 PagesEffect of Nutrition on Academic Performance RGS6035.E2 - Chapter 1 Kurt Cornett Amberton University Effect of Nutrition on Academic Performance Every year millions of tax dollars are spent on school nutrition programs all over the United States. Legislators across the nation lobby for coordinated school health programs and place increasing emphasis on student nutrition. Television commercials remind kids to eat a balanced diet and food products aimedRead MoreJoint Commission Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization that certifies more than 18,000 health care organization and programs throughout the world. Founded in 1951, the Joint Commission provides a national symbol of quality for health care as well as analyzes each organization’s commitment to meeting high quality performance standards. The Joint commission focuses on accrediting Acute Care Hospitals, ambulatory, behavior health, long term care, health care facilities, clinical laboratories, health care networks and hospice. Numerous of accreditationRead MoreRole Of Policy On Health Care Essay1094 Words   |  5 Pages Role of Policy in Health Care Student Name Institution Affiliation â€Æ' Role of Policy in Health Care Ek, R., Goolsby, L., Wengrovius, E. (2011).The national policy outlook for 2011. Policy Practice, 69(1), 16. The health care executives should actively coordinate in problem planning and preparation activities, striving to ensure that their exigency operations plan fits within the whole community plans and represents an accountable approach to the risks an organization might undergoRead MoreThe Importance Of Strategic Healthcare Programs919 Words   |  4 Pagesfor all health care facilities to provide appropriate levels of care as defined under this new law. It is then imperative to ensure all healthcare facilities has the staffing resources necessary to meet patient needs and satisfy new regulations.   Strategic Healthcare Programs (SHP) are used by agencies, it is a web-based analytics and benchmarking solution that gives home health organizations to effectively manage performance, remain compliant, and follow best practices. It is a performance improvementRead MoreCase Study Part Two. Ceirra Knight. Mha 624: Continuous934 Words   |  4 Pages Case Study Part Two Ceirra Knight MHA 624: Continuous Quality Improvements Risk Management Instructor: Rhonda Hatfield May 2, 2017  From the perspective of a health care administrator, I will identify, develop, and discuss strategic issues in planning a model by prioritizing issues facing a community when dealing with a natural disaster using the four MAPP assessments that align with the shared community mission. Lastly, I explain how you would promote collaborations among clinicalRead MoreComponents of the Quality of Healthcare Essay1380 Words   |  6 PagesOnce defined as â€Å"the degree of conformity with preset standards†...the standards of which care were judged was implicit and existed solely in the mind of evaluators (Sultz Young, 2014). Quality of care is a measureable aspect of healthcare though challenging, it can classify and enumerate poor and high-quality care. Measures are used to analyze how healthcare institutions perform in quality and in finance; the organization has a basis for understanding its delivery of care and for improving that

Relationship Satisfaction Is An Important Part Of Romantic...

Relationship satisfaction is an important part of romantic relationships. A lack of satisfaction can lead to consequences in other areas of life and eventually, the destruction of the relationship. For example, job performance is heavily influenced by romantic relationship satisfaction. In a study by Greenhaus and Beutell (1985), they argued that poor satisfaction leads to poor job performance and vice versa. They stated this was to because these two spheres are â€Å"interdependent.† Satisfaction can also influence quality of health. Conflict in a marital relationship is associated with higher heart rates and blood pressure (Broadwell Light, 1999; Ewart, Taylor, Kaemer Agras, 1991; Flor, Breitenstein, Birbaumer Furst 1995; Frankish Linden, 1996; Kiecolt-Glaser, 1993; Mayne, O’Leary, McCrady, Contrada Labouvie, 1997; Morell Apple, 1990; Shwartz, Slater Birchler, 1994; Thomsen Gilbert, 1998). It is also strongly associated with depression and depressed syndromes (Beach, Fincham Katz, 1998; Fincham Beach, 1999). This relationship between marital conflict and depression seems to be bidirectional meaning depression is not only a result of conflict but also is caused by the conflict (Beach, et. al., 1998; Fincham Beach, 1999). Because a lack of relationship satisfaction can negatively affect so many important areas of life, it is important to understand what influences the level of satisfaction held in romantic relationships. One factor that has been shown toShow MoreRelatedRelational Theory Of Romantic Relationships1336 Words   |  6 Pagessituation that has been brought to the attention of many relational theorists. Studies have shown romantic relationships are challenged and go through various stages of relational maintenance that may not always be positive. However, the conceptualization of negativity in romantic relationships is often dismissed. As a society, there has been the glorification of love and how romantic relationships should play out. Whether it is through the representations featured in literature, film, music or otherRead MoreEssay On Social Anxiety1134 Words   |  5 PagesAnxiety, Relationships, and What to Do Introduction Social anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses in the United States. Chances are you know somebody who has dealt with this issue (Kessler, etc., 2005) because it causes one-third of the population to experience distress or disability. It can affect quality of life by generating fear of social situations and resulting in social withdrawal. One of the most central aspects of human life is having close relationships — particularlyRead MoreRelationship Between Relationships And Relationships1236 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper I will be discussing romantic relationship, but first I feel we need to go over what a relationship is in the first place to see the difference between the two. Then I will define what I think a romantic relationship is. There are many different ways that someone could define relationship, but according to the Bella DePaulo from psychology today the definition for relationship is something that â€Å"covers all sorts of human connec tions, including ties to friends, parents, children, siblingsRead MoreHow Does Communication Affect Relationships? Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesCommunication is one of the most important aspects in romantic relationships and different communication styles can affect relationships differently. Relationships can be both positively and negatively affected depending on the level of communication between the partners. This literature review will first define romantic relationships and explore what exactly happens in the development of these relationships. From the research found, individual’s age or sex did not necessarily affect the differencesRead MoreBiography Of John Van Epp s Ram Plan1701 Words   |  7 PagesRAM Plan (Relationship Attachment Model) which is an interactive model developed to illustration parts of relationships that create important connections. Included in the model is: Know, Trust, Rely, Commit and Touch. â€Å"The five fundamental dynamics are the depth to which you know, trust, rely on, have a commitment to, and have sexual involvement with another person. The RAM portrays these five dynamics in a way that explains their unique contributions to the bond developed in a relationship, as wellRead MoreThe Brain Is Wider Than The Sky1416 Words   |  6 Pagesfathom today. This mental state, depression has affected countless people throughout time. To get to our central point, depression causes deterioration in relationships, especially romantic ones. To understand how to mend relationships and build ourselves up as a community, we need to begin a discussion about depression within romantic relationships. It’s time to offer solutions and open communications with one another to help each other in this very human struggle. Depression affects 350 millionRead MoreSexual Satisfaction And Relationship Satisfaction700 Words   |  3 Pagesfundamental for most romantic relationships, but sexual gratification and relationship satisfaction have often been examined separately. In more recent years researchers have explored the association between sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction to gain a better understanding of how couples can obtain happy stable relationship (Schmiedeberg Schrà ¶der 2016). The purpose of this literature review is to explore the connection between sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction, as well asRead MoreThe Effects Of Personal Attachment Style On Romantic Relationship Satisfaction1718 Words   |  7 PagesStyle on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Our earliest relationships in life can be deeply formative in shaping our development. Created by John Bowlby, attachment theory relates the importance of attachment in regards to personal development. According to Bowlby, attachment is the leading factor in our ability to form and maintain relationships as adults (Levy 2012, pg. 157). As human beings, we need to feel as if we belong (Cherry, 2016). We find this belongingness in our relationships and attachmentsRead MoreThe Priming Of Attachment Style And The Effects On Romantic Relationship Satisfaction1734 Words   |  7 PagesStyle and Relationship Satisfaction: The Priming of Attachment Style and the Effects on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Milynn C. Scheer Point Loma Nazarene University â€Æ' Introduction Our earliest relationships in life can be deeply formative in shaping our development. Created by John Bowlby, attachment theory relates the importance of attachment in regards to personal development. According to Bowlby, attachment is the leading factor in our ability to form and maintain relationships as adultsRead MoreRelationship Between Long Distance Relationships1588 Words   |  7 PagesDespite the fact that relationships can be troubling, stressful, and even deadly, most of us are aware that we need relationships with others and that the quality of our lives depends on those relationships whether it is from friends or romantic partners. With the development of technology the evolution of long distance dating relationships are transforming. Long distance relationships used to primarily consist of handwritten letters with the occasional phone call in between. However, progression

Richard Feynman Essay Example For Students

Richard Feynman Essay Richard Philip Feynman was born in New York City on May 11th 1918 to a middle class family that lived on the Southern tip of Manhattan. He grew up in a household where both of his parents poured into him their best qualities. His mother, Lucille, instilled in Richard a powerful sense of humor, which would be essential in forming his magnetic personality and eccentric lecturing style. His father, Melville, decided before Richard was born that if he were a boy, he would grow up to be a scientist, something that Melville himself had always wanted to be. And so guided subtly by his father, and given the power to laugh by his mother, Richard was set on a course that would eventually lead him to become a legend. At a young age it was apparent that he was scientifically inclined. In school, he was interested in all things scientific and loved math. At one point he even gave thought to becoming a mathematician. After high school, he went to MIT to study physics, and after four years of that he went to Princeton as a graduate student. During this time in his life, he became engaged to his high school sweetie, Arline Greenbaum. Halfway into his education at Princeton, Arline was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and was not given many years to live. So Richard married her and put his doctoral thesis on hold. Shortly after their marriage, a friend of Richard, Robert Wilson, came to Richard and told him that the government of America was looking for the finest physicists to help construct the atomic bomb. Otherwise known as the Manhattan project. At first Richard said no, but eventually his patriotism won over and he agreed to join the project. Upon agreeing to join the project, he moved to Los Alamos, where the research facility was located and Arline could move to a hospital in Albuquerque. In July 1945, Arline, the love of Richards life, finally succumbed to the dreaded tuberculosis she had been fighting all of this time. To escape the pain, he immersed himself in his work and the 1st atomic bomb ever was ready for detonation very quickly. With his work at Los Alamos done, Richard took a teaching position at Cornell University where he became depressed and believed that his lifes work was behind him. But as he was stewing in his own depression, more and more of the top universities were sending more and more lucrative professorships his way. And this was when what his mother had taught him really came into play to get Richards life back on track. Richard realized that it did not matter what others expected of him, it mattered what he could do with the rest of his life and still enjoy himself. And so he began working to finish his PhD thesis on quantumelectrodynamics, or QED for short. QED had to do with how one quantum state transferring into another, with all possibilities considered likely, and the end result would be the summation of all of the possible paths. After this he began to study a process called weak decay, in which an independent neutron decayed into an electron, a proton, and an antineutrino, thus becomi ng part in the discovery of a fundamental new law by which the universe was governed. In the 1960s after a short marriage to a woman named Mary Lou, Richard fell in love with a woman he met a professional conference in Great Britain. She would be his wife for the remainder of his life. Together, they had a son named Carl, and the adopted a daughter named Michelle. From 1950 on he taught at Caltech, in California, and about a decade after starting there he was considered by his colleagues to be the answer to the growing problem of the freshman physics department there. So he took the job away from his beloved research and never looked back. It would be this decision that would generate so much love for him and make him so famous. .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .postImageUrl , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:hover , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:visited , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:active { border:0!important; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:active , .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4b16a33368aa7b2306082685ef57e89c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Huckleberry Finn - Conflict Between Society And Th EssayRichard Phillip Feynman continued to make noteworthy contributions to the field of physics and also discovered what caused the explosion of the space shuttle Discovery. By this time, Richard had

Time is money free essay sample

Time is money a quote by Benjamin Franklin, US first millionaire, is a proposition that stresses the importance of time and the need to use it wisely. Time is the most valuable thing in the world, that once it has been wasted, it can never be recovered. So, by this idea it implies that time is more valuable than money itself, money can be exchanged back and forth and if you lose It you can gain It back by working hard.Some people view time as minutes, hours, days, but I view time as opportunities waiting to happen. We commonly run Into people who may have wasted their time In pursuits and then realized later In life that they have achieved nothing at all. These people are like the grasshopper In the Ant and the Grasshopper story, If you have not read it story, the moral Is working hard pays, In which the ant prepares for the future, while the grasshopper Just lays around. We will write a custom essay sample on Time is money or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Every second we waste, we are losing our rewards of our own productivity. People who dont understand the value of time will never obtain a good future. For example, If one comes In late to work every day. One will be fired. If one keeps Important clients , It will result In loss of business. So we must acknowledge the value of time not only ours but everyone around us. Procrastinating things for another day are all these are habits that will leave you nothing to show in the future. Some people spend all their free time watching TV, talking on the phone. This does not create opportunities it steals the time we have with nothing to show for it. Success and material prosperity comes only to those who understand the value and importance of time. That is why it is said that time is money so in other words put in the time wisely you will get the success you desire.

Christopher Wren, the Man Who Rebuilt London

Christopher Wren, the Man Who Rebuilt London After the Great Fire of London in 1666, Sir Christopher Wren designed new churches and supervised the reconstruction of some of Londons most important buildings. His name is synonymous with London architecture. Background Born: October 20, 1632, at East Knoyle in Wiltshire, England Died: February 25, 1723, in London (age 91) Tombstone Epitaph (translated from Latin) in St. Pauls Cathedral, London: Underneath lies buried Christopher Wren, the builder of this church and city; who lived beyond the age of ninety years, not for himself, but for the public good. If you seek his memorial, look about you. Early Training Sickly as a child, Christopher Wren began his education at home with his father and a tutor. Later, he attended school outside of home. Westminster School: Wren may have done some studies here between 1641 and 1646.Oxford: Began astronomy studies in 1649. Received B.A. in 1651, M.A. in 1653 After graduation, Wren worked on astronomy research and became a Professor of Astronomy at Gresham College in London and later at Oxford. As an astronomer, the future architect developed exceptional skills working with models and diagrams, experimenting with creative ideas, and engaging in scientific reasoning. Wrens Early Buildings In the 17th century, architecture was considered a pursuit that could be practiced by any gentleman educated in the field of mathematics. Christopher Wren began designing buildings when his uncle, the Bishop of Ely, asked him to plan a new chapel for Pembroke College, Cambridge. 1663-1665: New chapel for Pembroke College, Cambridge1664-1668: Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford King Charles II commissioned Wren to repair St. Pauls Cathedral. In May 1666, Wren submitted plans for a classical design with a high dome. Before this work could proceed, the fire destroyed the Cathedral and much of London. When Wren Rebuilt London In September 1666, the Great Fire of London destroyed 13,200 houses, 87 churches, St. Pauls Cathedral, and most of Londons official buildings. Christopher Wren proposed an ambitious plan that would rebuild London with wide streets radiating from a central hub. Wrens plan failed, probably because property owners wanted to keep the same land they owned before the fire. However, Wren did design 51 new city churches and the new St Pauls Cathedral. In 1669, King Charles II hired Wren to oversee the reconstruction of all the royal works (government buildings). Notable Buildings 1670-1683: St. Mary Le Bow, at Cheapside, London, UK1671-1677: Monument to the Great Fire of London, with Robert Hooke1671-1681: St. Nicholas Cole Abbey, London1672-1687: St. Stephens Walbrook, London1674-1687: St. James, at Picadilly, London1675-1676: Royal Observatory, Greenwich, UK1675-1710: Saint Pauls Cathedral, London1677: Rebuilt St. Lawrence Jewry, London1680: St. Clement Danes, at Strand, London1682: Christ Church College Bell Tower, Oxford, UK1695: Royal Hospital Chelsea, with John Soane1696-1715: Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, UK Architectural Style Classical: Christopher Wren was familiar with the 1st Century Roman architect Vitruvius and the Renaissance thinker Giacomo da Vignola, who outlined Vitruviuss ideas in The Five Orders of Architecture. Wrens first buildings were inspired by the classical works of English architect Inigo Jones.Baroque: Early in his career, Wren traveled to Paris, studied French baroque architecture, and met the Italian Baroque architect Gianlorenzo Bernini. Christopher Wren used baroque ideas with classical restraint. His style influenced Georgian architecture in England and the American colonies. Scientific Achievements Christopher Wren was trained as a mathematician and scientist. His research, experiments, and inventions won the praise of the great scientists Sir Isaac Newton and Blaise Pascal. In addition to many important mathematical theories, Sir Christopher: built a transparent beehive to help study beesinvented a weather clock similar to the barometerinvented an instrument for writing in the darkdeveloped improvements in the telescope and the microscopeexperimented with injecting fluids into the veins of animals, laying the groundwork for successful blood transfusionconstructed a detailed model of the moon Awards and Achievements 1673: Knighted1680: Founded the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge. Served as president from 1680 to 1682.1680, 1689 and 1690: Served as a Member of Parliament for Old Windsor Quotes Attributed to Sir Christopher Wren A time will come when men will stretch out their eyes. They should see planets like our Earth. Architecture has its political Use; public buildings being the ornament of a country; it establishes a nation, draws people and commerce; makes the people love their native country, which passion is the origin of all great actions in a Commonwealth...architecture aims at eternity. In things to be seen at once, much variety makes confusion, another vice of beauty. In things that are not seen at once, and have no respect one to another, great variety is commendable, provided this variety transgress not the rules of optics and geometry. Sources Architecture Buildings. Royal Hospital Chelsea, 2019. Barozzi da Vignola, Giacomo. Canon of the Five Orders of Architecture. Dover Architecture, 1st edition, Dover Publications, February 15, 2012. Christopher Wren 1632–1723. Oxford Reference, 2019. Geometry quotes. MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland, February 2019. Geraghty, Anthony. The Architectural Drawings of Sir Christopher Wren at All Souls College, Oxford: A Complete Catalogue. Reinterpreting Classicism: Culture, Reaction Appropriation, Lund Humphries, December 28, 2007. Greenwich Hospital. Great Buildings, 2013. Jardine, Lisa. On a Grander Scale: The Outstanding Life of Sir Christopher Wren. Hardcover, 1 Edition, Harper, January 21, 2003. Schofield, John. St Pauls Cathedral: archaeology and history. 1st Edition, Oxbow Books; 1st edition, September 16, 2016. Tinniswood, Adrian. His Invention So Fertile: A Life of Christopher Wren by Adrian Tinniswood. Paperback, Pimlico, 1765. Whinney, Margaret. Wren. Paperback, Thames Hudson Ltd, May 1, 1998. Windows. St Lawrence Jewry.

Segmentation and Targeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Segmentation and Targeting - Essay Example Starbuck has experienced tremendous growth since it was founded. Identify the company’s target market and positioning strategy The level of coffee consumption in the United States has been on a downward trend, especially in the late twentieth century. However, Starbuck has been quite cautious when choosing its target markets. A target market can simply be defined as a group of consumers who share the same interests that a particular company selects to serve. The process of choosing a target market can be undertaken by evaluating social, environmental, political, and competitive factors. Consumers bargaining power and entry barriers all fall under the category of market factors. The prices offered by Starbucks were extremely high and the company was trying to develop a new culture for its customers. Considering that Starbuck was very careful when it came to coffee production, the company managed to maintain a stable relationship with its suppliers hence, it faced minimal threat s and competition (Starbucks Corporation SWOT Analysis, 2008). Office employees with both middle and high revenue were the sole target for Starbuck. Schultz wanted Starbuck to be the place where people could meet and relax on their way home, after work and socialize with each other. Therefore, the company was aggressive in meeting the needs of the consumers. Great consideration was also placed on the arrangement of the store. Target market can be executed in various ways namely concentrated, distinguished and undistinguished (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). The concentrated strategy focuses its efforts on a single market section and develops and maintains an exclusive approach for every section. The distinguished approach reaches out to the market by creating distinct products and promoting the programs for the various sections. The undistinguished strategy on the other targets the whole market using a single (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). Starbuck adapted the undistinguished strategy to ma rket their products. The company measured the whole market as one single section. The main obstacle that Starbuck faced when it employed this strategy is the development of a brand that would satisfy the needs of all customers. Nevertheless, Starbuck did not compromise any of its services hence, they did everything they could in order to produce a quality product. A company must choose which position it wishes to occupy in the market after identifying its target. The positioning entails the way consumers define a particular product in terms of quality, size, price and performance and several other factors. Previously, Starbuck had been using transactional marketing where profit was obtained mainly from reserved customers who had a long-term relationship with the company. However, the customer retention approach aims at enchantment instead of consumer fulfillment. Starbuck later discovered that public opinion was a better approach. This kind of strategy takes a long time to thrive, t hough the benefits are worthwhile (Brassington & Pettit, 2000). How does their product line fit with their target market and positioning? Does it make sense? Starbuck began to create high quality products and services to its consumers. Schultz was aware of the fact that coffee is indeed perishable hence, he emphasized on the production of quality products by supervising each stage of coffee manufacture. Whole bean coffee was purchased from countries such as Kenyan and Ethiopia (Stanley, 2002). The coffee was then roasted and

What finding meaning in life is for you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What finding meaning in life is for you - Essay Example As we transition from childhood to adulthood, our experiences and mental capacities steer us in different directions. For example, in a school with 200 students who go through the same syllabus and share the same experiences, not all of them end up in similar careers. Some will find fulfillment in music, others will be inclined to pursue art, while some will end up settling in politics. In all the students, however, the common denominator is the fact that each of them sees their futures in different areas (Zimmerman 34). Individuals gravitate towards different things when seeking meaning in life, and this is what lead to fulfillment in different aspects. Meaning in life changes over time, but it can also be rigid. Again, this comes back to individual preferences and character. For example, at some point (e.g., in college) some people seek professional prosperity over other issues. However, once they attained this they start leaning towards other interests that they think are just as important in life. For example, a senior student in college may think, for a long time that getting a good job is the essence of life (Zimmerman 49). However, after building a successful career, the student may discover that having a family is the most important thing in life. As such, the career becomes secondary to family life. Other individuals may discover a newfound passion for business and community service, and then consider this to be the basis for their lives, relegating previous meanings to minor roles. The essence of a human being is to understand oneself and becoming self-actualized. This is part of finding meaning in life and that is what separates humans from animals. Human beings need to become aware of their surroundings, their priorities, and their trajectories (Zimmerman 83). In general, people who can be classified as having no meaning in life are often less

Physical Education Essays School Sports

Physical Education Essays School Sports Introduction Physical education has been a central component of the national education system since its first implementation in public schools in the late 19th century. Incorporation of physical activity into schools is believed to offer a range of physical, psychological and social benefits and the National Curriculumcontains policy, based on research by the British Heart Foundation and independent education researchers, for physical education and sport promotion amongst the nations youth. This policy has generally been effective in helping students increase their physical activity levels and meet national guidelines. However, this policy is lacking in some ways and metrics for evaluating the success of the regions physical education programme are somewhat limited. The purpose of this essay is to review existing evidence regarding physical education in schools. The benefits of physical activity for children will first be considered, followed by a review of the National Curriculums policy on physical education. The efficacy of this policy will then be discussed, highlighting any evidence evaluating this relationship. Limitations to existing policy will then be presented, and recommendations for future research and practice will be provided. This essay concludes with a brief summary and outline of key points. Benefits of Physical Activity for Children The UK public education system had upheld a tradition of physical activity promotion within its schools, as well as recognised the multiple benefits of regular exercise on educational outcomes. These beliefs are based on empirical research, of which the benefits of physical activity for health and well-being have been widely documented (see Hills et al., 2011). These benefits appear to impact three broad dimensions of well-being in youth, including physical, psychological and social dimensions (Metcalf, Henley Wilkin, 2012). These three dimensions combine to determine an individuals Quality of Life (QoL), or an individuals subjective standard of happiness and general life satisfaction (Hills, Andersen Byrne, 2011). QoL has become an increasingly targeted outcome variable in public health and medical interventions due to its strong correlation with physical health (Hills et al., 2011). Numerous empirical studies (e.g., Marmot et al., 2012; Metcalf et al., 2012) have demonstrated that improved QoL is associated with reduced disease and illness, as well as reduced healthcare costs associated with treating such conditions. Including physical education in schools has, therefore, been recognised as a productive means of promoting exercise and healthy lifestyle habits from a young age (Hills et al., 2011). A recent review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness for school-aged youth demonstrated that even moderate amounts of daily exercise led to numerous positive outcomes amongst youth population members (Janssen Le Blanc, 2010). Based on a review of 86 papers yielding 113 intervention outcomes, this study demonstrated that physical activity was associated with moderate-to-strong positive effects on blood cholesterol, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, obesity, bone density, psychological depression and physical injury (Janssen Le Blanc, 2010). Furthermore, physical activity was associated with a dose-response effect, whereby children who received more exercise experienced greater benefit (Janssen Le Blanc, 2010). Finally, this study demonstrated that exercise of vigorous intensities yielded greater benefits, while aerobic activities were associated with the strongest effect on bone density. Based on these findings, it was recommended that children aged 5 to 17 years old accumulate at least 60 minutes daily of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (Janssen LeBlanc, 2010). Furthermore, Level 2 students are believed to benefit from even higher exercise intensities, while all children in this age group should continue to include weight-bearing and resistance training activities that promote bone and muscular strength (Janssen Le Blanc, 2010). An increasing body of research has demonstrated the positive effects of more vigorous exercise intensities, and health professionals and sports scientists alike are incorporating high-intensity interval training into their program designs (Janssen Le Blanc, 2010). These findings confirm several previous studies (e.g., Craggs et al., 2011; Metcalf et al., 2012) regarding the positive physical effects of physical activity for physical outcomes, and Janssen and LeBlancs (2010) physical activity recommendations provide more rigorous guidelines than those of the National Health Service NHS (2013). Physical activity is also associated with social benefits that can improve QoL in children (Hills et al., 2011). From an early age, physical activity plays a key role in the socialisation process of young students, who engage in play activities as a means of understanding social dynamics such as observation, modelling, sharing, social reciprocity, social exchange, gender roles and more (Brockman et al., 2011). As children reach later stages of their academic careers, involvement in sports and non-competitive activities serve as a key social outlet for children to continue to understand social processes and develop social skills needed to function in both the academic and professional environment (Hills et al., 2011). Continuing to encourage the play aspect of physical activity appears to be an important means by whichto ensure continued participation and prevent the natural decline in physical activity that typically occurs around the ages of 10 to 11 (Brockman et al., 2011). Finally, physical activity offers psychological benefits, both with respect to general affect and cognitive capacity (Craggs et al., 2011). A recent review of physical activity interventions for American children (i.e., Tomporowski, Lamnbourne Okumura, 2011) demonstrated that consistent exercise of moderate-to-vigorous intensities was effective for promoting emotional and intellectual development. Exercise is particularly effective for enhancing executive functioning (Tomporowski et al., 2011). Biddle and Asare (2011) performed a similar review of physical activity studies with British children, demonstrating that physical activity had strong positive effects on reducing depression, with a small effect shown for reducing anxiety. However, interventions conducted specifically with children from the UK remain somewhat limited, with authors finding just nine interventions that met inclusion criteria (Biddle Asare, 2011). Findings related to improved cognition within these children as a result of physical activity are somewhat inconsistent, although there is some evidence (e.g., Craggs et al., 2011) of improved cognitive performance and academic achievement resulting from physical activity of various modalities. Although the physiological route by which these benefits take place is not fully understood, the effects of exercise on cognitive functioning may result from the release of neurochemicals, such as serotonin and dopamine, that regulate mood and clarify cognitive processes (Craggs et al., 2011). These activities may also enhance self-efficacy for physical activity, an affective state that may transfer to cognitive activities as well (Best, 2010). As technology develops, research is expected to match physical activity designs with benefits (Craggs et al., 2011). National Curriculums Policy on Physical Education Due to the extensive documentation of the benefits of physical activity, the National Curriculum has implemented policy on physical education for more than one century (Bouchard, Blair Haskell, 2012. A new National Curriculum is currently being designed for UK schools that will allow for more flexibility in programme design and offers a slimmer framework (Association for Physical Education, 2014). However, concepts from the former policy will still be incorporated into the new framework, including basic outlines for educational principles at key stages of learning and development. The policy currently segregates physical activity needs for students in Key Stages 1 and 2 versus those in Key Stages 3 and 4 (Gov.UK, 2013). However, the policy recognises that high-quality physical education is needed to promote full psychological, social and physical development, and the National Curriculum encourages engagement in sports and physical activities throughout all stages (Gov.UK, 2013). Furthermore, the curriculum assesses competency in physical activities, rather than just participation, in order to ensure that students know and apply skills learned within physical education courses and incorporates physical activity into their daily lives (Bouchard et al., 2012). At Key Stage 1, the National Curriculum recommends that students develop fundamental movement skills, become increasing competent and confident and access a broad range of opportunities to extend their agility, balance, and coordination, individually and with others (Gov.UK, 2013 p. 1). During this stage, pupils are encouraged to engage in both competition and non-competitive activities and become involved in increasingly challenging activities (Gov.UK, 2013). Finally, pupils within this stage are encouraged to learn basic movement skills that promote coordination and development of general motor programs, participate in team games, and perform activities that require simpler movement patterns (Gov.UK, 2013). At Key Stage 2, the National Curriculum recommends that students continue to apply and develop a broader range of skills, learning how to use them in different ways and to link them to make actions and sequences of movement (Gov.UK, 2013, p. 1). The National Curriculum encourages students to participate in activities that promote communication, collaboration, and the development of self-monitoring and self-evaluation of skills (Gov.UK, 2013). Additionally, students at this stage are encouraged to increasingly participate in competitive activities, develop flexibility, strength, technique, control and balance and perform activities with more complex movement patterns (Gov.UK, 2013). Comparing performance against peers and national standards is also recommended at this stage (Gov.UK, 2013). Swimming and water safety skills are introduced at Key Stage 1 or Key Stage 2. At Key Stage 3, the National Curriculum recommends that students build on and embed the physical development and skills learned in Key stages 1 and 2, become more competent, confident and expert in their techniques, and apply them across different sports and physical activities (Gov.UK, 2013, p. 1). During this stage, students are encouraged to use a range of different techniques and methods to compete against opponents, continue to improve performance based on peers and national standards, take part in increasingly difficult and novel situations, and engage in non-school sport activities (Gov.UK, 2013). Additionally, educators are encouraged to continue to foster confidence through personal mastery of tasks and improvements in comparison with individual and national standards (Gov.UK, 2013). In Key Stage 4, the National Curriculum recommends that students tackle complex and demanding physical activities (Gov.UK, 2013, p. 1). At this stage, students have generally learned to become more independent and have ideally developed self-monitoring skills to continue to direct their own sport and interest physical activity participation (Gov.UK, 2013). During Key Stage 4, students are taught to develop multiple tactics and strategies to use in competitive situations, continue to master techniques of chosen sports or activities, take part in adventurous activities that require complex decision-making, and take part in both school and non-school-related physical activities (Gov.UK, 2013). This curriculum has guided physical education pedagogy for several years, although recent reform has led to some structural changes that are discussed in more detail below. Efficacy of National Curriculum Policy The National Curriculums policy on physical education draws from contemporary development research and is believed to offer an efficacious guideline for individual schools to follow in their programme designs (Standage et al., 2012). As the 2013 policy has been submitted for revision, the 2014 framework is being implemented to provide even greater freedom and flexibility for schools in their physical education delivery and curriculum model designs (Haerens et al., 2011). According to the Association for Physical Education (2014), this increased flexibility will be even more evident in primary schools, and places a higher level of responsibilityon teachers to be experts in their subject matter and pedagogical approach toward physical education (Association for Physical Education, 2014). Such a policy is hoped to place more power in the hands of educators and schools to include programmes they believe will be beneficial for their student populous. Though the National Curriculum is believed to be an efficacious and thorough policy that allows for individuality and creativityon the part of teachers to understand their own students needs, the effects of this policy remain to be seen. The former policy had previously been criticised for its limited evaluative efforts and sometimes ambiguous effects on key learning outcomes (Evans, 2004). According to a report by Evans (2004), the UKs former policy on physical education contained antiquated concepts regarding the development of physical abilities, and argued that the policy promoted exclusive practices for students less apt toward exercise in some respects. In a 2005 study related to the former UK physical education policy, Fairclough and Stratton (2005) found that physical education for students aged 11 to 14 was effective for increasing physical activity in students who were of high academic ability, while students of low- to moderate- academic ability did not increase their physical activity levels in response to physical education programmes. Thorburn, Jess and Atencio (2011) challenged the common conception that physical education programmes contribute to the well-being of students. Based on a review of Scottish physical education programmes, these authors concluded that individual curriculums often produced contrasting effects in student such as those found in Fairclough and Strattons (2005) research. While high-achieving students appear to benefit from this curriculum, such policy may promote exclusiveness in students of differing academic abilities (Thorburn et al., 2011). As a result, physical education may actually detract from the well-being of marginalised student groups. While studies (e.g., Janssen LeBlanc, 2010; Standage et al., 2012) have demonstrated that increased physical activity has been associated with reduced obesity and increased educational outcomes, the precise relationship between physical education policy and these benefits is less clear. Geyer (2012) criticised former education policy for its strong centralist nature and auditing approach toward education improvements. Therefore, allowing for greater flexibility amongst individual schools to assess needs and design a curriculum that most effectively meets those needs is believed to be a significant improvement over former policy (Geyer, 2012). Additional, more stringent evaluative strategies amongst individual schools may allow for less of an auditing approach toward improving physical education outcomes and more of a proactive approach that anticipates changing needs amongst diverse student groups (Geyer, 2012). Limitations to Existing Policy Though the National Curriculum for physical education is based on evidence and has recognised the widespread benefits of physical activity for UK student population members, some limitations exist that have warranted changes within the new policy. In addition to the lack of evidence regarding its efficacy, as well as the centralised and auditory approach toward addressing improvements in the system, the curriculum has been criticised for a lack of clarity and a lack of awareness by parents and teachers as to how to properly implement existing policy (Haerens et al., 2011). For example, Haerens et al. (2011) showed that many teachers lack a clear understanding of the specific goals and outcomes of the National Curriculum at each Key Stage, or suggest that these outcomes do not match the needs of their particular institution. This limitation will ideally be addressed by decentralising the new curriculum and placing more power of design into the hands of teachers within the UK education system (Geyer, 2012). Additionally, parents have been shown to generally lack awareness about key outcomes associated with each stage of development in UK educational pedagogy (Kirk, 2014). This is unfortunate, as parents play a pivotal role in regulating the extracurricular activities of children, and their involvement in promoting physical activity is crucial to capitalising on the inclusion of physical education in schools (Kirk, 2014). Implementation challenges have plagued previous UK physical education policy, and parents may help overcome this barrier (Zhu, Ennis Chen, 2011).There have been contextual constraints among schools limiting fitness science learning in the academic environment, as well as discrepancies in personal values toward physical education as a key component to a science-based educational program (Zhu et al., 2011). Greater efforts are needed to raise awareness of the benefits of physical activity to parents in order to gain support for its inclusion and continued participation in schools (Zhu et al., 2011). Recommendations The benefits of physical activity for children are clear, and there are obvious societal advantages to promoting regular exercise from an early age (Standage et al., 2012). As the academic environment represents the most optimal setting in which to promote health and physical activity, a National Curriculum that includes physical education is crucial to a healthy and productive society (Kirk, 2014). However, improvements must be made in the individualisation of curricula based on need, as well as efforts to monitor the efficacy of existing policy (Bohn-Gettler Pellegrini, 2014). Finally, greater efforts to improve awareness of policy and the benefits of physical activity, particularly amongst parents, are needed in order to ensure national physical activity guidelines are met (Geyer, 2012). De-centralising the National Curriculum design and providing more flexibility for individual schools to target specific needs is recommended to promote the most effective physical educationprogramme for UK students (Geyer, 2012). Individual schools differ in their physical education needs, and their curriculum designs should reflect this need. Additionally, engaging parents in the design process as well as seeking their support at the school level may be beneficial in ensuring physical activity behaviours are encouraged in the home environment (Kirk, 2014). Finally, more research is needed that tracks key metrics related to the efficacy of new National Curriculum policy (Bohn-Gettler Pellegrini, 2014). For example, the relationship between physical education implementation and academic outcomes, obesity and QoL would all be beneficial in evaluating the efficacy of physical education policy (Hills et al., 2011). Such efforts may also help reduce the auditory approach taken in previous policy and encourage a more proactive physical education curriculum. Conclusion The purpose of this paper was to discuss contemporary issues regarding physical education policy within the National Curriculum. The benefits of physical activity for children were first explored, including psychological, social and physical outcomes. A review of the National Curriculum policy on physical education was then presented, including former policy and new changes within the 2014 revisions. The efficacy of this policy was then considered, as well as the limitations. Finally, recommendations for improving existing policy and increasing physical activity rates were discussed. Based on the evidence presented within this paper, physical activity appears to offer substantial benefits to students and the inclusion of physical education in the National Curriculum has the potential to offer long-term benefits to society. However, some issues regarding assessment, monitoring, decentralisation of design, incorporating parent involvement, and taking a more proactive approach toward improvements will all contribute to improved policy in the future. Implementing more rigorous research and intervention designs will ideally alleviate existing limitations in research surrounding this topic. References Association for Physical Education (2014). National curriculum 2014. [online] Available at: http://www.afpe.org.uk/advice-on-new-national-curriculum. Accessed 14 Oct. 2014. Best, J. R. (2010). Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function: contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise. Developmental Review, 30(4), pp. 331-351. Biddle, S. J. and Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45. Abstract only. Available at: http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/45/11/886.abstract. Accessed 14 Oct. 2014. Bohn-Gettler, C. M. and Pellegrini, A. D. (2014). Justice, conflict and wellbeing. New York: Springer. Bouchard, C., Blair, S. N. and Haskell, W. (2012). Physical activity and health 2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Brockman, R., Fox, K. R. and Jago, R. (2011). What is the meaning and nature of active play for today’s children in the UK. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 8, p. 15. Craggs, C., Corder, K., van Sluijs, E. M. and Griffin, S. J. (2011). Determinants of change in physical activity in children and adolescents: a systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 40(6), pp. 645-658 Evans, J. (2004). Making a difference? Education and ability in physical education. European Physical Education Review, 10(1), pp. 95-108. Fairclough, S. and Stratton, G. (2005). ‘Physical education makes you fit and healthy’. Physical educations contribution to young peoples physical activity levels. Health Education Research, 20(1), pp. 14-23. Geyer, R. (2012). Can complexity move UK policy beyond ‘Evidence†Based Policy Making’ and the ‘Audit Culture’? Applying a ‘Complexity Cascade’ to education and health policy. Political Studies, 60(1), pp. 20-43. Gov.UK (2013). National curriculum in England: physical education programmes of study. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-physical-education-programmes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-physical-education-programmes-of-study. Accessed 14 Oct. 2014. Haerens, L., Kirk, D., Cardon, G. and De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2011). Toward the development of a pedagogical model for health-based physical education. Quest, 63(3), pp. 321-338. Hills, A. P., Andersen, L. B. and Byrne, N. M. (2011). Physical activity and obesity in children. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45 (11), pp. 866-870. Janssen, I. and LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Review Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(40), pp. 1-16. Kirk, D. (2014). Physical education and curriculum study (Routledge Revivals): a critical introduction. London: Routledge. Marmot, M., Allen, J., Bell, R., Bloomer, E. and Goldblatt, P. (2012). WHO European review of social determinants of health and the health divide. The Lancet, 380(9846), pp. 1011-1029. Metcalf, B., Henley, W. and Wilkin, T. (2012). Effectiveness of intervention on physical activity of children: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with objectively measured outcomes (EarlyBird 54). BMJ: British Medical Journal, 345. [online] Available at: http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e5888. Accessed 14 Oct. 2014. National Health Service (2013). Physical activity guidelines for children and young people. [online] Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/fitness/Pages/physical-activity-guidelines-for-young-people.aspx#close. Accessed 14 Oct. 2014. Standage, M., Gillison, F. B., Ntoumanis, N. and Treasure, D. C. (2012). Predicting students’ physical activity and health-related well-being: a prospective cross-domain investigation of motivation across school physical education and exercise settings. Journal of Sport Exercise Psychology, 2012(34), pp. 37-60. Thorburn, M., Jess, M. and Atencio, M. (2011). Thinking differently about curriculum: analysing the potential contribution of physical education as part of ‘health and well-being’ during a time of revised curriculum ambitions in Scotland. Physical Education Sport Pedagogy, 16(4), pp. 383-398. Tomporowski, P. D., Lambourne, K. and Okumura, M. S. (2011). Physical activity interventions and childrens mental function: an introduction and overview. Preventive Medicine, 52, pp. S3-S9. Zhu, X., Ennis, C. D. and Chen, A. (2011). Implementation challenges for a constructivist physical education curriculum. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 16(1), pp. 83-99.

The Devastation of Agent Orange Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research P

Abstract: This paper exposes the social injustices to Americans and to Vietnamese resulting from spraying of Agent Orange during the Vietnam Conflict. American Vietnam Veterans and many Vietnamese citizens have struggled with the United States Government for due reparations from the devastation of Agent Orange that has shattered their lives. Veterans have demanded compensation for this injustice through lawsuits and government allocations while the Vietnamese want the United States to clean up their dioxin-contaminated land and waterways. The United States has denied responsibility and the battle continues as veterans and the Vietnamese challenge the United States to accept its wrongdoing. This paper provides the evidence that the US government knowingly sprayed innocent people without warning. Based on the treatment of US military personnel, this paper argues that a major international effort will be required to force the US Government to assist in responding to the Vietnamese cr isis. Background During Operation Ranch Hand the US Air Force sprayed approximately 18 million gallons of the herbicide and defoliant, Agent Orange, over South Vietnam from 1965 - 1970 (Moore 2000). Both US military bases and Vietnamese cities were sprayed in order to decrease the amount of foliage to prevent surprise attacks as well as to deprive the enemy of food, since much of the spraying was over agricultural land. Agent Orange is composed of equal parts of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5- trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) (Moore 2000). Agent Orange was also contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (dioxin) which is a byproduct of the manufacturing of 2,4,5-T (Moore 2000). Dioxin has been described as the "... ... Constable, Muneaki Matsuda, Vu Duc Thao and Amanda L. Piskac. "Recent Dioxin Contamination from Agent Orange in Residents of a Southern Vietnam city". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Volume 43, Number 5. May 2001. pp. 433-443. Schector, Arnold, Marian Pavuk, John D. Constable, Le Cao Dai, and Olaf Papke. "A Follow-Up: High Level of Dioxin Contamination in Vietnamese from Agent Orange, Three Decades after the end of spraying". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Volume 44, Number 5. March 2002. pp.218-220. Wilcox, Fred. Waiting for an Army to die. Seven Locks Press: Cabin John, MD. 1989. Winerip, Michael. "US Judge clears way for trial on Agent Orange". New York Times. May 18, 1983. Young, A.L. and G.M. Reggiani. Agent Orange and its associated dioxin: assessment of a controversy. Elsevier: Amsterdam. 1988.

Striving for Personal Success

Striving for Personal Success University of Phoenix Gen 200 Eleanor Roosevelt once said, â€Å"In the long run, we shape our lives, and we shape ourselves. The process never ends until we die. And the choices we make are ultimately our own responsibility† (Goodreads Inc. , 2013). Although life can be a major deterrent on success, it also can be one factor in obtaining college success. The personal responsibility a student holds is based on their motivation and self- sacrifices.Success in life and in college can only be measures by the hard work, drive, and dedication. Personal responsibility is defined as relating or pertaining to oneself and the state of responsibility as moral, legal, or mental accountability (Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 2013). One way of applying personal responsibility in a student's life is to continue to push the limits that other people have placed on them and pushing those boundaries to the max. With huge success can come countless opportunities, th rough these opportunities comes dedication and challenges.It is in how each person deals with those dedication and challenges that makes the sacrifices worth everything. When the idea of quitting occurs is when an individual must lean on his or her support systems to pull them through that state of mind. It is family, friends, and amazing instructors who can be the factors between persevering through the hard times and giving up. The question a student will then have to face is, what is most important to that person? By fguring out that question and realize the time and dedication that has already been applied would be a waste.At this final point the individual has to find the motivation and drive to re light that fire under them and ontinue to strive on. It is that personal responsibility of holding oneself accountable for the hard work that will lead that person to college success. Personal responsibility is a factor in achieving success in life and in college, but personal respon sibility also can be a hinder. By being a college student people not only have dedication to their schoolwork, but also their outside school, such as family, friends, and a Job.The struggle is trying to find that balance needed to succeed in all fields. Alexandra Escobar said, â€Å"Professional women often struggle as they try to alance their work and personal roles, while still trying to grow in both,† she currently holds a master's degree in education and holds a chair for the College of Education at University of Phoenix South Florida Campus (â€Å"How women in business can â€Å"lean in†,† personal roles, but as shown through her degree and position held in her college now the success for a degree is possible.The major factor is time management. Every person must learn to create time for what matters, whether that is to wake up an hour earlier or turn the television off to complete that one assignment. 0. 1. Simpson once said, â€Å"The day you take comple te responsibility for yourself, the day you stop making any excuses that is the day you start to the top† ([email  protected], 2001). If this degree and college success is what matters, that person will find a way to make it work, or that person will find a way to make excuses.The main question every person must ask themselves is success at this very moment more important than success for growth that can better one's future or not? Personal responsibility and college success are proving to be one and the same. Success in college and in life can only be achieved by one's own self-sacrifice and elf-dedication. Winston Churchill once said, â€Å"The price of greatness is responsibility' ([email  protected], 2001). Winston Churchill is right.It is the self-sacrifice of choosing to miss out on social events, school events, or pull extra work hours so that person can finish his or her assignments needed to succeed in their classes. The self-dedication will need to be applied to obtain such greatness. By applying self- dedication and personal sacrifices one is allowing themself to grow in personal success. Each hurdle completed in their college Journey is another step closer to obtain ollege success as well as being able to apply the knowledge obtained into their lifestyle and in return gain success in the workforce.It is each individual's personal responsibility to apply what is being learned in and out of the classroom through their college Journey that will truly allow them to have the greatest form of college success. An educational success will be obtained by a college degree, but also a workforce knowledge and personal growth that can be achieved only by experiencing that balancing act between personal responsibility and college success. In conclusion, personal responsibility is the key to success. Success is also determined by self-sacrifice and self-dedication.

Planning Planning And Management - 995 Words

In Chapter 5, the concept of planning is used to correlate planning and management. Planning, in regards to management, can be setting rules and guidelines to complete a goal. Planning can be broken down into different categories or type such as strategic planning, tactical planning, and organizational planning. Some critical components to have when discussing strategic planning is the vision, mission, and values. Initially, a manager starts with strategic planning that gives them a long term goal that will help plan out their next five years. Top manager such as Chief Executive Officer, general manager, president, vice president, and division heads all set the primary direction of the company.( Kinicki and Williams, page 143) In Figure 5.3, it mentions managers need to pay attention to the environment outside the organization, deal with uncertain and highly competitive conditions, and aware of future orientation.( Kinicki and Williams, page 143). Strategic planning is important because it helps determine what to expect or what timeline they imagine for the company progression. When strategic planning, the goals should have broad ideas, ways to achieve the goals, time frame, and what growth they plan on accomplishing. Society is ever changing in technology and making a five-year goal is me aningful, but, if possible, speeding up the program would help launch the goal at a quicker pace. Strategic objectives are useful for management to help focus on goals for theShow MoreRelatedManagement and Planning1251 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Management and Planning Management Planning Management: Theory, Practice and Application/330 Management Planning Planning is identifying the goals to be accomplished and making a decision to move forward the suitable actions needed to achieve those goals (Bateman and Snell, 2009). Examples of planning may include examining current situation, predicting the future, establishing goals, choose what types of activities one will engage, and selecting the resources needed to achieve the said goals (BatemanRead MoreManagement Planning1252 Words   |  6 PagesManagement Planning Student’s name Institution Management Planning Introduction Planning is the means of choosing the best option among others to carry out different managerial roles in order to attain predetermined objectives. It is a necessary management function, which includes formulation of one or more thorough plans to attain optimal balance of wants or demands with the available wealth. Planning is a thorough agenda concerning upcomingRead MoreManagement Planning1120 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Planning- Boeing Management Planning- The Boeing Company The Boeing Company was developed in 1916 by William Boeing and has been in existence for over 90 years. â€Å"Boeing is the world’s leading aerospace company and the largest manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft combined.† The Boeing  (1995) Boeing builds and designs missiles, satellites, and launch vehicles which are why they are a major service provider for NASA. Boeing is always expanding their productRead MoreManagement Planning and Ethics1121 Words   |  5 Pages(2003) state that planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future (Planning and strategic management, p. 108). There are several levels in the planning process. Strategic planning involves setting long-term goals and is a function traditionally employed by top-level management. Newer models of strategic planning tend to involve all levels of management. Ex amples for strategicRead MoreStrategic Planning And It Management1424 Words   |  6 PagesStrategic planning is the process of determining a companys long-term goals and then identifying the best approach for achieving those goals (Wikipedia). This process aligns strategic planning with overall organization planning by assessing organizational objectives and strategies, setting the organizational mission and mandate, assessing the external environment and setting policies, objectives and strategies (Wikipedia). A study completed in 1999 revealed that less than 40% of US businesses includedRead MoreManagement Planning Paper1348 Words   |  6 PagesLemont Feb 27, 2008 Management Planning Paper In management, each of the four functions, planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, are crucial to the development of any business. Involving employees in the planning process help them understand the goals of the organization. Planning is analyzing a situation, determining the goals that will be pursued, and deciding in advance the actions needed to pursue the goals. This paper will evaluate the planning function of the Halliburton CompanyRead Moreproject planning and management1337 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿PART 1 1. To what extent does project management apply to Adventures Unlimited? Each tour established by Adventures Unlimited could be considered as a single project. Each tour has the destination, and is not routine and repetitive. The project begins when the consumer and Adventures Unlimited reach the same agreement, and ends when the consumer goes back. Each tour is unique and never been taken before. That is to say, each tour has the specific time, cost, and performance requirements. Read MorePlanning Functions of Management1530 Words   |  7 PagesPlanning Functions of Management â€Å"Planning is concerned with the future impact of today s decisions. It is the fundamental function of management from which the other four functions stem† (Erven, 1999). Considering planning is the first of the four functions of management, one can appreciate the importance and impact it has on the other functions. Production cannot begin and staff cannot be mobilized unless the planning phase has been completed. Factors however, do exist which affect the planningRead MoreManagement Planning at Walmart801 Words   |  4 Pageslevels of planning in order to achieve goals put in place by senior management. Wal-Mart has many different levels of management planning in place to follow through on its goals and objectives. There are many factors that influence Wal-Mart’s strategic, tactical, operational and contingency planning. Although Wal-Mart has been a very successful corporation throughout its existence, it has had to absorb the impact of legal issues, ethics, and corporate responsibility in its management planning. Read MoreNursing Management (Planning)4852 Words   |  20 Pagesobjectives and core values as it pertains to nursing services; †¢ discuss the elements/ components of planning; †¢ enumerate the types and phases of strategic planning; †¢ understand the importance of formulating mission, vision, value statements, objectives and philosophy act as a basis for any organization; and †¢ understand the purposes and benefits of strategic planning. Elements/ Components of planning Forecasting or Estimate the future Set Objectives/Goals and Determine Results Desired Develop and